Independent Examiner

FTX lawyers: Examiner could cost $100M and ‘provide no benefit’

FTX lawyers, joint provisional liquidators of FTX US and the Bahamas and a committee of creditors have all opposed the appointment of an independent examiner.

An investigation into FTX’s collapse by an examiner could cost the firm upwards of $100 million without providing any benefit to creditors or equity holders, argues lawyers representing the bankrupt crypto exchange. 

The arguments were part of a Jan. 25 objection to a motion from the United States Trustee in December, which called for the judge to appoint an independent examiner to ensure any investigations are transparent and their findings made public.

FTX lawyers argued that creditors would not benefit from an examiner investigation that duplicates investigations led by FTX’s CEO John J. Ray III, a committee of creditors, law enforcement agencies and Congress, adding:

“The appointment of an examiner, with a mandate to be determined, can be expected to cost these estates in the tens of millions of dollars. Indeed, if history is a guide, the cost could near or exceed $100 million.”

The creditors’ committee, also known as The Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors, submitted their own objection to the appointment of an independent examiner on Jan. 25, also citing the prohibitive costs involved and the investigations of various parties which are already underway.

In the original motion, the U.S. Trustee had noted if the court was concerned about the duplication of work, it could allow the examiner to access existing work, adding:

“An examiner may also allow for a faster and more cost-effective resolution of these cases by allowing Mr. Ray to focus on his primary duty of stabilizing the Debtors’ businesses while allowing the examiner to conduct the investigation.”

Joint provisional liquidators in the Bahamas and FTX US also opposed the appointment on Jan. 25, pointing to a section of the bankruptcy code that allows the judge to appoint an examiner “as is appropriate,” and arguing that the unnecessary costs and delays that would accompany the appointment of an examiner render it “inappropriate.”

Related: Breaking: BlockFi uncensored financials reportedly shows $1.2B FTX exposure

The appointment of an independent examiner has been a key topic throughout FTX’s bankruptcy trial.

On Dec. 9, a group of four U.S. senators which included Elizabeth Warren wrote an open letter to Judge John Dorsey of the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware, claiming that FTX counsel Sullivan & Cromwell had a conflict of interest in the case and casting doubt over the firm’s ability to provide findings that inspire confidence.

However, the judge ruled on Jan. 20 that there were no potential conflicts of interest sufficient to stop the law firm from continuing to act as FTX’s counsel.

The judge will decide whether to accept the appointment of an independent examiner in a court hearing on Feb. 6.

Independent examiners are often appointed by bankruptcy courts to investigate details of complex cases brought before them, and have been appointed in other high-profile bankruptcy cases such as Lehman Brothers during the subprime mortgage crisis and the crypto exchange Celsius.

Celsius had ‘insufficient’ accounting and operational controls, says examiner

The examiner revealed that Celsius’ digital assets in its customer’s Custody wallet account officially became underfunded on Jun. 11.

The independent examiner in crypto lender Celsius’ bankruptcy case has alleged that the company failed to set up “sufficient” accounting and operational controls in its handling of customer funds. 

In an interim report released on Nov. 19, examiner Shoba Pillay made a number of stark observations in her court-appointed investigation into the bankrupt cryptocurrency lending platform.

One of the main revelations in Pillay’s report was that Celsius’ Custody program was launched “without sufficient accounting and operational controls or technical infrastructure,” which allowed shortfalls in Custody wallets to be funded from its other holdings:

“[…] no effort was made to segregate or separately identify any assets associated with the Withhold accounts, which were commingled in the Main wallets.”

When it was launched on April 15, Celsius’ Custody program allowed users to transfer, swap and use coins as loan collateral. It was introduced after the firm was ordered by the New Jersey security regulators to create a product that was distinguished from Celsius’ Earn product, which receives rewards.

This co-mingling of wallets means that there is now uncertainty on which assets belonged to the customer at the time of the bankruptcy filing, said Pillay, noting: 

“As a result, customers now face uncertainty regarding which assets, if any, belonged to them as of the bankruptcy filing.”

The interim report has also shed light on what ultimately forced the lending platform to halt withdrawals on June 12. 

Pillay said the breaking point came around on June 11, when customers’ Custody wallets became underfunded. By Jun. 24, this fell a further 24% to $50.5 million in underfunding.

Celsius’ Surplus and Deficit of Digital Assets in Custody Wallets. Source: U.S. Bankruptcy Court.

The revelation comes as a filing with the New York-based bankruptcy court last week states that Celsius customers must file claims against Celsius by Jan. 3, 2023, in order to be eligible for distributions from the case.

However, customers who agree with Celsius’ scheduling of their claims do not need to submit proof of claim, according to a Nov. 20 Twitter post from Celsius.

Related: Celsius bankruptcy proceedings show complexities amid declining hope of recovery

Pillay said that Celsius’ Custody and Withdrawal programs were created on short notice following “intense regulatory pressure” from New Jersey’s Bureau of Securities, who started an investigation into whether Celsius’ “Earn” accounts constituted securities pursuant to United States securities laws in mid-2021.

Other accounting insufficiencies highlighted in the report include a revelation that Celsius, founded in 2017 by Alex Mashinsky and Daniel Leon, didn’t start tracking its balance sheet until after this confrontation with regulators in May. 2021, which it then used Google Sheets.

The collapse of the Terra ecosystem was one of the main factors that led to Celsius’ financial troubles in May. 2022, which saw its native coin, Luna Classic (LUNC), formerly LUNA, and the network’s algorithmic stablecoin Terra Classic USD, (USTC) — previously TerraUSD (UST) — fall north of 98% in value.

Celsius also stated on Nov. 20 that its next court date is scheduled for Dec. 5, where they plan on advancing discussions around its Custody and Withhold accounts, among other matters.

Celsius had ‘insufficient’ accounting and operational controls, says examiner

The examiner revealed that Celsius’ digital assets in its customer’s Custody wallets account officially became underfunded on Jun. 11.

The independent examiner in crypto lender Celsius’ bankruptcy case has alleged that the company failed to set up “sufficient” accounting and operational controls in its handling of customer funds. 

In an interim report released on Nov. 19, examiner Shoba Pillay made a number of stark observations in her court-appointed investigation into the bankrupt cryptocurrency lending platform.

One of the main revelations in Pillay’s report was that Celsius’ “Custody” program was launched “without sufficient accounting and operational controls or technical infrastructure,” which allowed shortfalls in Custody wallets to be funded from its other holdings.

“[…] no effort was made to segregate or separately identify any assets associated with the Withhold accounts, which were commingled in the Main wallets.”

When it was launched on Apr. 15, Celsius’ Custody program allowed users to transfer, swap and use coins as loan collateral. It was introduced after the firm was ordered by the New Jersey security regulators to create a product that was distinguished from Celsius’ “Earn” product, which receives rewards.

This co-mingling of wallets means that there is now uncertainty on which assets belonged to the customer at the time of the bankruptcy filing, said Pillay, noting: 

“As a result, customers now face uncertainty regarding which assets, if any, belonged to them as of the bankruptcy filing.”

The interim report has also shed light on what ultimately forced the lending platform to halt withdrawals on Jun. 12. 

Pillay said the breaking point came around on Jun. 11, when customers’ Custody wallets became underfunded. By Jun. 24, this fell a further 24% to $50.5 million in underfunding.

Celsius’ Surplus and Deficit of Digital Assets in Custody Wallets. Source: U.S. Bankruptcy Court.

The revelation comes as a filing with the New York-based bankruptcy court last week states that Celsius customers must file claims against Celsius by Jan. 3. 2023 in order to be eligible for distributions from the case.

However, customers who agree with Celsius’s scheduling of their claims do not need to submit proof of claim, according to a Nov. 20 Twitter post from Celsius.

Related: Celsius bankruptcy proceedings show complexities amid declining hope of recovery

Pillay said that Celsius’ Custody and Withdrawal programs were created on short notice following “intense regulatory pressure” from New Jersey’s Bureau of Securities, who started an investigation into whether Celsius’ “Earn” accounts constituted securities pursuant to U.S. securities laws in mid-2021.

Other accounting insufficiencies highlighted in the report include a revelation that Celsius, founded in 2017 by Alex Mashinsky and Daniel Leon, didn’t start tracking its balance sheet until after this confrontation with regulators in May. 2021, which it then used Google Sheets.

The collapse of the Terra ecosystem was one of the main factors that led to Celsius’ financial troubles in May. 2022, which saw its native coin, Luna Classic (LUNC), formerly LUNA, and the network’s algorithmic stablecoin TerraClassicUSD, USTC — previously TerraUSD (UST) — fall north of 98% in value.

Celsius also stated on Nov. 20 that its next court date is scheduled for Dec. 5, where they plan on advancing discussions around its Custody and Withhold accounts, among other matters.